Law is a set of rules that are enforceable by social institutions. These laws can be state enforced, such as the law in the United States, or private. It is a complex topic and can be divided into three categories: personal, commercial and civil law.
Personal property includes intangible rights and movable objects. Property law covers a wide range of topics, including real estate and mortgages, as well as intellectual property. Commercial law is a subset of personal property, dealing with complex contract and property law.
Civil law is a subset of common law, and is based on judicial decisions. The common law legal system is explicit about its recognition of court decisions as “law.”
Legal issues can refer to undisputed evidence, a legal question, or the underlying principles of the case. A legal issue is a basis for a lawsuit.
A lawsuit is a legal proceeding where a plaintiff or defendant tries to convince a judge or jury of the defendant’s guilt or innocence. Lawyers present their evidence to the judge and ask the judge questions. They may also make a counterclaim.
The decision made by the court is known as a judgment. A court may make a temporary restraining order, preventing a person from doing something that is likely to cause irreparable harm.
If the court is unable to reach a resolution, the case is appealed. Appeals are typically filed in a court of appeals, which has a higher jurisdiction than the original trial court.